Baking-oven.



l I y' E. HERISSEL BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUN1121, 1911.

' 1,009,414, Patented Nov.21, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

BAKING OVEN. APPLIGATION FILED 111111121, 1911.

Patented Nov. 21, 1911;

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BAKING OVEN.

ArPLIoATIoN FILED JUNI: 21, 1911.

1,009,414, Patented Nov.21, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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E. HRISSE.

* BAKING OVEN.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21, 1011.

Patented Nov. 21, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

.provided EMILE missie. or NEW Yoan, N. Y.

BAKINGOV'EN.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Nov. 21, 1911.

Application led June 21, 1911. Serial No. 684,558.

.To all whom 'it may concern: r

Be it known that I, EMILE Hnnissn, a citizen of the United States of America, re-

siding at New York city, Manhattan bor dugh, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvement-s in Baking-Ovens, of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact'description.

This invention relates to an improvement in bakers ovens, the object being to provide a composite knockdown structure that may be readily prepared for shipment and readily assembled.

A further object of my mvention 1s to provide an oven, the walls of which for the most part are insulated or provided with means to prevent excess heat from passing therethrough, the remainder of said walls being partially insulated at the lower portion, whereby an even temperature can be maintained within the oven. I

A still further object of my invention is to provide a rotary carrier which in turn is with cradles, preferably rotatably mounted thereupon, the said cradles being designed to support trays upon which articles to be baked are placed.

The object of providing the rotary carrier for trays is that articles, which are placed thereupon, and which are to be baked, may be continuously moved while being baked, thereby preventing the burning or scorching of said articles.

In Aorder that the baked articles may be removed from the cradles, I provide a special device to arrest the movement of the carrier when the trays aline with the door with which one of the walls of the furnace' is provided, special means being provided to prevent the lower-most tray, or rather the articles placed thereupon, from becoming overheated or overbaked.

Further features of my improved oven will hereafter appear.

I will now proceed to describe my invention in detail, the novel features of which I will finally point out in the claims, refer.

ence being had to the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, wherein:

Figure 1 illustrates a front view of my improved oven; Fig. Q 'is a vertical sectional view thereof, the section being taken on a line 2-2 in Fig. 1; Fig. 3` is a sectional plan view, the section being taken on a line 3-3 in Fig. 2; Fig. 4- is an enlarged detail `seen that the front view of one of the cradles, the hollow bottom of said cradle being shown in sec tion; Fig. 5 is a sectional detail view, the section being taken on a. line 5-5 in Fi 2; Fig. 6 is an'assembled sectional view o one form of clutch, which I may use in connection with my improved oven; Fig. 7 is a faceview of the socket member of said clutch; Fig. 8 isa face view of the gripping member of said clutch; Fig.- 9 is a detail view showing one form of device for automatically arresting the'movement of the rotary carrier; Fig. 10 is a sectional view, taken on a line 10-10 in Fig. 11, showing details of the throwout mechanism; and Fig. 11 is an enlarged side elevation, showing the carrier operating mechanism.

Referring to the drawings, which illustrate one form in which my improved oven may be embodied, and especially to Fig. 2, it will be seen that my improved oven comprises a front wall 1, a rear wall 2, and side Walls 3 and 4 (see also Fig. 3). It will be also seen by referring to the said figures that the lower portion of the walls of my -improved oven comprises removable hollow sections 5, while the upper portion of the walls of the oven is made up of hollow sections 6, which in turn are insulated or jacketed by being filled with asbestos, mineral wool or other non-heat conducting material, which is'herein indicated by 7.

By referrin to Figs. l and 2, 'it will be Iront wall 1 is provided with a door 8, pivotally secured to said Wall, as at 9. The door 8 is provided to close an opening 10 in said front wall through which the articles may be introduced into the furnace and taken out therethrou h. The bar 9 which pivotally secures the oor in pos1- tion is provided at each end thereof withV counterweights 11, said weights being suiiciently heavy to keep the door 8 closed.

The means which I employ to support the articles in the oven while being baked comprises a plurality of cradles or supports 12, which are carried by a bar 13, which in turn is pivotally supported at the outer ends of arms 14 of a rotary carrier 15, the said carrier, in this instance, consisting of two spiders one adjacenteacli of the side walls of the oven, there being but one -of the said spiders illustrated in Fig'. 2.

It will be seen, by referring to Figs. 2 and 3, that the bottom portion of the cradles 12 consist of a hollow or boxflike strucand `is not provided With'a heat conserving'- dicts and perforated pipes 21.

fling `device. being suitably AThe portijons or Walls 16 comprise a suitable su portp17 upon-Which is placed or molded va, 'l eat conserving element 18, which may l are connected-perforated pipes Q1, the ducts '20, or.. rather Athe outer ends thereof, pass '12 pass close to the said heating device dur- `.the saidtrays'are stopped at certain periods ture. 13a., lthe space 14a of which contains air, the said -air acting as an insulator or jacket, to prevent the overheating of the said. cradle, as it passes during its rotation through the lower portion of the oven. p f A hrther feature of my invention consists- 0f v'the angularly disposed port-ions 16 adjacent. the top of and Within the oven.

Censistpf firefibrick or other material adaptj the passage of heat therethrough. It willbe seen, ,by referring to Fig. 2, that the of theoven is covered by panels olf-'sections 19 similar to 'the panels 6. It will be also seen, by referring` to Fig. 2, that `thelspaee'QO :between the adjacent upper edges of the walls 1S is oo'veredby a panel element. v c

To supply heatfto the oven I have, in th'is instance, employed a.V gas-heating device, which-comprises t-he main ducts 20 to which through the front panel 5, to `v which outer ends suitable gas mains 22'are connected. To'rat all tiinesprovidenieans for igniting thev gas in the even, Iv employ ducts 23, the upper 1outer ends of which are directed to- Ward the"openings 2t in the panels 5. The gas. from the -ducts 23," wheny ignited, serves as a `'pilot light, which burns continuously. valve 25'controls the flow `of gas in the "'jAs the heat-ing deviceis situated in the lower port-ion of the oven and as the cradles inga portion of their rotation, and also as adjacent the opening`10 in the front wall of the furnace, it is 4necessary that a baffling device beplaced over and 'adjacent to the heating device, in order that the trays which come to rest at t-hejlower portion of the o ven and'adjacent -said-heating device, will not become overheated Aduring their period 'of rest... y y

The 'bafliing device lwhich I have herein illustrated comprises a platform 26 com- Iposed .of a non-heat conducting` material such, forinstance, as fire brick, the said baf# from` said cradlehor cooked material into Vuncovered opening.

supported upon. an `angle-iron frame 27, which in .turn is supported by brackets 28.

I A further novel feature of my improvement comprises a I receptacle 29, which is placed in the'space between the upper rear panel 6 and adjacent angular wall 16, the reeeptacle29 being adapted to contain Water,

and being connectedby suitable piping to a coil 30 Within the boiler (see Figs. 2 and i 5). "A-pipe 31 is also provided lthrough which cold water' can be introduced into the receptacleQQ.' A take-olf Vpipe O-hai-fing a'valve 31, is provided for the purpose of drawing from the receptacle 29 heat/'ed water, which may be used for any4 purpose about a bakeshop. l

When a cradle l2 is caused-'to 4stop in alineinent with tlie-opening 10 in the, wall l ofthe oven. and when the door 8 is openv for the purposeof extracting the -material for introducing'unthe oven,V a great amount of heat willpass out through the order Ithat the heat which passes out through the' uncovered'.

be carried upwardly, I provide opening may j having connected thereto a draft connected thereto,

To4 regulatethe temperature within thev oven, I provide a regulating device, which comprises a tube 37, having rotatably mounted therein a tube 38,l provided with'an opening 39,v which is adapted to aline with an opening 40 in the tube 3T, the tube 38y constituting a. valve. To rotate the'tube38,

I provide a handle 41 which closes the outer' It -may be here stated that en'd thereof.

The heat, which passes out through I oven, I provide a which is adjacent by passing through" the thermostat pipe 35 passes freely through I the hub of the handle 41, therebjY adapting thesaidhandle and tube 3S, secured thereto, for rotation. t

Should the temperature of theoven become too great, the operator would rotate the valve 3S to cause the opening 39 therein to aline with the opening 4:0 in the tube 37. When the openings 39 and 40 al'ne, soineof the heated airin the oven will .pass out therefrom and upwardly through a Hue 42;

When the temperature in the voven has lowered to the required extent, the valve 38 may be turnedbackwardly,.in order to close, the ,opening 40.

By referring to Fig. Q, it

and by referring to Fig. `1, it will be seen that the said plate extendsthe width of the slightlyT away it of the oven,

oven. The plate 4:3 is placed from the bottom frame-work whereby a space 45 is provided.. Thev 0 b, l

i' ject of providing afspace 45 is to produce an iiiletffor air to promotey combustion, t-he bottom of the oven.

proper .being open.

Notwithstanding that IA provide a baille 26 topievent the overheating of the trays 1 v I 12, I find it advantageous to stilI further will be seen that a plate 43 'extends the length. of the oven,

protect. articles'upon said trays, when I will now proceed to linkin said trysfcometo A,rest adjacent the heating device'obfduring their movement in proximityfthereto, For the above reason, I have protvided'hollow trays as herein illustrated mddescribed. Due4 to the fact that the rafysi are'hollowvand contain air, an insula -ton isprovided between the battle 26 and 'articles upon the tray.

To producean oven wlthin which an even temperature can be maintained is one o the principal objects of my invention, and for this reason, I have constructed an oven, as illustrated in the drawing.

`As that part of the oven which contains the .heating device will be the hottest part, .I

preferably provide walls which are only artially insulated, the said partially. insu- `'ated walls being the walls 5 hereinbet'ore hizeferled`to. As the said walls 5 are hollow,

.they are to a large extent insulated by the air within them. The walls 5 will not, however, entirely prevent the escape of heat, 'but will-'do so to some extent.l As that portion of the oven which is composed ot' the sections or Vpanels 5 is the hottest part of ,the oven, it is `desirable that a certain amount of heat be conveyed away therel-to. The space 20 at the upper portion ot the oven is covered by an insuiated panel 19 through which a small amount f heat may escape, tln roby preventing the upper portion .of theoven from becoming` hotter than the central portion thereof.`

describe the mecha nism for rotating and automatically checking the rotationl of the carrier 15. As can be seen in Fig. 2, the carrier 15 is carried by a shaft 46, which is suitably supported bybearings 47 in the walls 3 and 4 (see Figs. 2 and 9). As can be seen in Fig. 9, adgacent the outer end of the shaft 46, 4I secure a worm wheel 48, having in mesh `therewith a ,worm 49, carried by a shaft 50 (see Figs. 10 and 11 ,the outer end o't which is'provided with a and wheel 51, whereby the shaft 50 can be rotated. By means of the worm and gear above described the carrierv 15 can be rotated when the shaft 50 is operated.

To operate the carrier by power, I loosely mount upon the shaft. 50 a beveled gear 52,

having in mesh therewith a pinion 53, which in `turn is carried by a coluitershat't 54, the said eountershaft being provided with a tight and loose pulley 55 and 56v respec tively. The countershaft 54 is suitably supported in the bracket 57..

To control the operation lof the gear 52, I provide a Aclutch mechanism 5S, which comprises the socket member 59 which is keyed to the shaft 5f). To the hub (30 on the gear I secure a cooperating 'clutch niember (il, which is provlded with a rotatable pin (Si), having a llattened surface G3.- The tlattened end of the pin (S2 is adapted to enter recesses G-t in the socket member 59. 'hcn the pin (Si). is in the position shown in Figs. (i and 8, the clutch members 59 and 61 will be locked together, thereby causing the `efe'ar 52 to rotate should either the shaft 5() or countershaft 54 be operated.

As can he seen in Figs. G and 8,` the pin (i2 is provided with an arm (i5, the said arm being backed byr a spring (SG. Then the arm (55 is moved lmckwardly against the tension ot' the spring the flattened surface (33 of the pin (i2 will aline with the surface G7 of the clutch member (i1, thereby disconnecting the'said clutch members 58 and 59. When the arm G5 is moved, as above de= scribed, the carrier 15 will cease rotating. The arm (35 is moved to disconnect. the clutch member by means of an arm G8 carried b v a shaft 69 (see Figs. 10 and 11), the said shaft being manually operated to cause the arm 68 to move into the path 'of the arm (35 on the pin (i2 by means of a lever (see Fig. 11). The 'carrier 15 may be caused to come to rest at any time by causing the lever (i8 to move into the path ot' movement of the arm G5 on the pin 62.

To automatically cause the carrier 15 to come to rest I provide the worm gear 48 with a cam 71, theA said cam being provided with angular surfaces 72, or rather wedges, there being as many wedges 72 as there are arms on the carrier 15, in this instance. 6.

To coperate with the wedges 7 2 I mount upon the shaft 46 (see Fig. 9) a movable block 73, provided with wedges 74, adapted to contact with the wedges 72. The block 73 is provided with annular groove 7 5, in which a pin 7G carried by a bell-crank lever 77 enters, the bell-crank lever being pivotally mounted on a bracket 78. '1`o operate the shaft 69 in orderthat the arm (S8 may be caused to lnove into the path of rotation' of the arm G5, I provide the said shaft 69 with an arm 79 (see Fig. 10), which arm is connected to the bell-crank `lever 77', by a link-S0.

As thc carrier 15 rotates, the block T3 will be caused to move outwardly against the tension of a spring 81. During the outward movement of said block 4the bell-crank level' will rock, thereby, by means of the link 80, rocking the shaft 69, which will cause the upper end 'of thearm-'GS toapproach the path ot' .rotation ofthe arm 65. At about the time that of the arm 68 the said arxm 65 `will be moved I .topause thefiattened surface 63 of the pin {S2-to'ra1ine with the surface 67 of the .clutch member 68, thereby d-isconneeting the` `clutehfmembers 58 'and 59, at Whh'time the. carrier 15 will come to rest, the device vbeing* so timed las to cause a tray 12 'toaline 4With 'the opening 10-in the front wall of the oven. Referring to F -1 and 11, it Will be seen 'that I provide a belt shifter 81 for I the bottom plate 43 consists of a pan adapt`r the lpurpose 'of stopping the rotation of. the

pulleys 55 and f'vfor the purpose of reversing the movementof .the carrier by meansof the hand Wheel 51, should a tray over-V reach the opening l0.

' By referring 'to Fig. 2, it vill be seenithat ed to` contain Water, indicated by 82; 4 The object of providing a receptacle for Water i with said opening, and a valve adapted t0 to supply moisture for the articlebeing baked. Y l

Thile baking-some articles,v especially those containing a great amount 'of sugar, itis desirable that'considerable moisture be used.v To that end I place upon the plat-A form 26 a pan 83 which is adapted to contain Water, water being introduced to the pan through apipe 84.

Having now described my invention, what I n'claim and desireto secure by lLetters vPatel ent'is;

1. An oven consisting of a plurality'jof consisting of refractorjmaterialyand a pan -adapted to contain Water located at the tom of said oven. ,y

2 An oven consisting-of a 4plurality of walls, the upper 'portion of said f'walls being insulated, the lower portion .of 4'said walls being hollow, a top, a portion of said top consisting of refractory material',-a pan adapted to contain water located at lthe bottoml ofsaidfoven, means adapted `to heatsaid oven, a flue in communication with the interior of saidl oven, and a rotatable valve adapted'to normallyv close said iue.

l 3. -An oven consisting of la plurality .of sidewalls, a top, angularly disposed walls vextending from the front and rear Walls ofsaid oven -to the top 'of said oven, Aone ofsaid angularly disposed Walls being provided with an opening, a flue 1n communieatlon control the flow of hot lgast-:sthroug-h said flue.

day of J'une, 1911.

EMILE Hmasia.` y Witnesses: l f

EDWARD A. Jarvis, ESTELLE O. Haimurmnn.

'signed at 4New York City, N. Y.; this-19th' 

